Cortisol, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland, is commonly associated with allergic reactions, skin issues, and joint discomfort. It is often administered via injection or topical cream containing cortisone derivatives to alleviate symptoms such as skin rashes. While many recognise cortisol as the hormone linked to the “fight or flight” response, its functions extend far beyond this.
Primarily, cortisol facilitates protein breakdown, inhibits glucose absorption, and promotes lipolysis (the breakdown of fats). Additionally, it regulates immune responses and influences protein and fat metabolism. Elevated cortisol levels can manifest as mood swings, decreased motivation for physical activity, muscle loss, and changes in appetite.
Poorly regulated cortisol levels can disrupt various bodily functions, affecting sleep patterns, mood, bone health, libido, immune system, cardiovascular health, and athletic performance. Moreover, it can induce inflammation and fatigue.
Maintaining balanced cortisol levels is crucial, as erratic fluctuations can lead to numerous health issues, including premature aging, increased susceptibility to diseases like arthritis and cancer, and chronic inflammation. Factors such as chronic stress, inadequate rest, poor nutrition, and excessive exercise can contribute to chronically elevated cortisol levels.
Both athletes and individuals with conditions such as arthritis, autoimmune disorders, and skin conditions should monitor their cortisol levels closely. Skin issues like eczema, rashes, allergies, and rosacea may indicate cortisol imbalances, which should be addressed internally rather than solely treated with cortisone creams.
Cortisol release is triggered by stress and aims to restore bodily equilibrium. However, prolonged secretion due to chronic stress can lead to significant physiological changes. Cortisol also collaborates with adrenaline to form short-term memories of emotional events. Notably, it can hinder calcium absorption and bone formation, potentially leading to osteoporosis, particularly in women.
Achieving cortisol balance is vital for long-term health and well-being for individuals of all ages.